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ff/M773? tniteh ,gieten atent @ffice T. S. SMITH. OF BOSTON, AND A. B. ELY, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO WILLIAM N. ELY, OF STRATFORD, CONNECTICUT.

Letters Patent'No. 73,399, dated.' January 14, 1858.

IMPROVEMENT IN LET-OIT MEGHANISM FOR LOOMS.

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Be it known that we, T. S. SMITH, of Boston, and A. B. ELY, of Newton, in the State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in LetO` Mechanism for Looms, of which the following, with the accompanying drawings, is a full and exact description- .Figure l being an end, and

Figure 2 a side elevation.

' A A represent the frame; B, the yarn-beam; C, the cloth-beam. b is a gear-wheel on the end ofthe yarnbeam. c is a crank on the cloth-beam. The yarn is represented by red and'blue` lines. D is avgear-wheel, having a small pinion, d, meshing into the gear ot' the yarn-beam. lE isvan escapement-wheel, having a small pinion, e, meshing into the gear-wheel D. e is a small crank-handle on the escapement-wheel, for winding up the slack yarn. F is the whip-roll, over which the yarn passes, and is made broad, and oscillates or rocks on bearings on the frame. From the outer end of one of these bearings f depends an arm, I, which vibrates as thewhip-roll rocks, the two forming a bent lever, with fulcrum at f. The relative angle of I to F may be altered and adjusted by the set-screwf, according to the strain of the yarn and nature ot' the work. In the arm I is a. slot, t', in which is placed the rear end of another arm, J, which is secured to I, at any part of the slot z', by a set-nut,j. The arm J projects forwards and downwards, meeting a lever, K k, pivoted to the frame at 1, near its centre, and having at one -end a dog, K, acting against the teeth of the escapement-wheel E, and at the' other end a fork, 7c, between the tines 'of which rests the projecting forward end ofthe arm J. In many cases the lever K c may bc dispensed with, and by a prolongation 'and alteration of the angle 4of the arm I, or by a prolongation of the armJ, J may be made to perform the operations of a dog to the escapement-wheel E. In

the tines of the fork 7c are one or twoset-screws, 2 and 3, to regulate the striking of the arm J, and ease any jumping motion of the dog K. Only one of these screws is needed, and both may be in some cases dispensed with. Instead of 7c being forked,J and k may be connected by a rod, regulated by a screw passing through the two, or by any suitable joint. a is a small arm, projecting forward from the arm I, at the bearingf, and taking into the forked shorter arm, g, of a lever, G g, pivoted to the frame, or to a bent arm, H, at g', and having upon its forward and longer arm, G, a movable weight, Il. The fulerum of this lever is ina slot, t, and a set-nut enables it to be raised or lowered, and adjusted at pleasure. The weight L is adjustable on the arm G by means of a set-screw, Z. The slot 7L may be dispensed with in many cases, and instead of thedweight, a spring, G s, may be used, and made adjustable if desired; or the lever may be dispensed with, and a spring, extending from .g to-J, may be used to hold up the arm J; or a spiral spring may be used, reaching from s to (z, pressing upward against a; or any other lever and weight, or spring, adjustable, may be used, as convenience may dictate. The whip-roll may be constructed in any form, such that the yarn shall `strain upon and over the rockingar'm of alever.

' The operation is as follows: The yarn, passing from the yarn-beam over the whip-roll, will pull more-or less strongly upon and over the forwardroching edge. When the strain becomes suciently strong to overcome the weight Il, or the springs, the lever-arm F will descend, and the arm I will more backward. As I moves back, the arm d will strike and press upon the lower tine of the fork 7c, and raise the dog K, and relieve the cscapement-wheel E, which will revolve, and let ofi` so much yarn as is wanted for the, lay, when the weight L 'or spring `.vill overcome the strain of the yarn,and the dog or pawl Kv will fall, and again engage with the escapement-whcel E, and the letting-oil` will cease till more is wanted, and the operation is repeated.

The escapement-wheel is made with the teeth or lugs at considerable distance from each. other, and of form different from usual; and the lever or pawl having but one dctent, the escapement is easily turned by the handle e, and the yarn on the beam wound up, whenever it may be too much loosed from any cause, without any change of position of thel parts.

When the yarn-beam is full, the same strain and revolution will yield more yarn than when it is nearly empty, and the great diiiculty consists in regulating the strain and the delivery of the yarn accordingto the fullness. of the beam.- In the beginning, the strain ofthe yarn should be retarded, or in the ending, quickened. For this purpose, either of the following devices may be used, according to the kind of loom or cloth. n is a. stationary rod, runningv across the loom from side to side, between the yarn-beam and whip-roll, so that the yarn shall pass under and partially round the rod at an angle, and this angle increases as the 4beam empties. The yarn passing round this rod'will be held and retarded, as a hawser round a post, but this retardation or holding will-grow less and less as the beam is emptied. This simple arrangement will answer in many cases. For other cases, o is a stationary rod,.betwcen the yarn-beam and Whip-roll, upon which is hung aswinging rectangular brake, l?, (with 'curved ends,) resting upon the yarn on the beam. Upon the upper and forward ends, running across, is a rod, p, which7 When the beam is full, will be thrown forward to a position similar to 'or the same as the rod n in the former case. The yarn, passing up under rod p, will, :is it strains, press the brake Pupon the yarn of the beam, and retard its delivery, more or less, according to the fullness or otherwise of the beam, the strain decreasing and the friction diminishing as the yarn unwinds and the beam is emptied. These rods, n and o, are fixed to 'and supported by standards N and 0,-fastened to a shaft, M, passing through boxes m, ancl having a lever-handle, m', held by a pin, m. The object of this is to throw back the rods, so as to handle the yarnbeam more readily, but it may not be necessary. i

Having described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent in letfol` mechanism of looms, is I v 1. The'arm J', in combination vwith arm I and whip-roll F, when.) is made adjustable in I, and the parts are severally arranged, substantially as described.

2. The whiproll F and arm I, having an adjustable arm, J, in combination with the single detent-lcver or pawl K 7c and escapement-wbeel E, when severallyv constructed and arranged for operation, substantially as described.

8. The lever G g, with or without adjustable fulerum, and having an adjustable weight, L, as set forth, in combination with rocking-shaft roll F, all arranged substantially' as described. I

4. The combination of lever Gg, weight L, arm a, levers F I J K, and cscapement-wheel E, all arranged and operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

I 5. The rod o and brakep P, arranged in combinationwith and'in relation to the yarn-beam and whip-roll, substantially as and for the purposes described:

6. The rod o and brakep P, in combination with `a let-oft' mechanism operated by the strain of the yarn, substantially as described.

i 7. The mechanism for throwing back-the rod 1t or rod o, to free the yarn-beam, substantially as described.

Witness our hand..

. T. S. SMITH,

A. B. ELY.

Witnesses:

W. M. PARKER, M. E. INGALLs.. 

